He celebrates the efforts of the founding fathers of America for fighting back against the tyranny of England.[18]. This is the inevitable conclusion, and from it there is no escape. or is it in the temple? 4th period Mrs. Landrew Fredrick Douglass Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave who became a prominent activist, author and public speaker. There are exceptions, and I thank God that there are. If so, there is a parallel to your conduct. Pride and patriotism, not less than gratitude, prompt you to. From the slave prison to the ship, they are usually driven in the darkness of night; for since the antislavery agitation, a certain caution is observed.In the deep still darkness of midnight, I have been often aroused by the dead heavy footsteps, and the piteous cries of the chained gangs that passed our door. Douglass declares that true freedom can not exist in America if Black people are still enslaved there and is adamant that the end of slavery is near. It was fashionable, hundreds of years ago, for the children of Jacob to boast, we have Abraham to our father, when they had long lost Abrahams faith and spirit. In the solitude of my spirit, I see clouds of dust raised on the highways of the South; I see the bleeding footsteps; I hear the doleful wail of fettered humanity, on the way to the slave-markets, where the victims are to be sold like horses, sheep, and swine, knocked off to the highest bidder. Oppression makes a wise man mad. What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? [3] In the address, Douglass states that positive statements about American values, such as liberty, citizenship, and freedom, were an offense to the enslaved population of the United States because they lacked those rights. But I differ from those who charge this baseness on the framers of the Constitution of the United States. I have better employments for my time and strength than such arguments would imply.What, then, remains to be argued? Your lawmakers have commanded all good citizens to engage in this hellish sport. Yea! Your new moons and your appointed feasts my soul hateth. Nobody doubts it. No nation can now shut itself up from the surrounding world, and trot round in the same old path of its fathers without interference. In a Fourth of July holiday special, we begin with the words of Frederick Douglass. They felt themselves the victims of grievous wrongs, wholly incurable in their colonial capacity. Douglass then pivots to the present, stating that "We have to do with the past only as we can make it useful to the present and to the future". The Bible addresses all such persons as scribes, Pharisees, hypocrites, who pay tithe of mint, anise, and cumin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy and faith.But the church of this country is not only indifferent to the wrongs of the slave, it actually takes sides with the oppressors. I answer; a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. [Throughout the speech] Douglass looks at the contradictions between the reality of slavery and the lofty claims of a just society outlined in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. welcome atheism! His own testimony is nothing. The 4th of July Address, delivered in Corinthian Hall, by Frederick Douglass, is published on good paper, and makes a neat pamphlet of forty pages. Is it not astonishing that, while we are ploughing, planting and reaping, using all kinds of mechanical tools, erecting houses, constructing bridges, building ships, working in metals of brass, iron, copper, silver and gold; that, while we are reading, writing and cyphering, acting as clerks, merchants and secretaries, having among us lawyers, doctors, ministers, poets, authors, editors, orators and teachers; that, while we are engaged in all manner of enterprises common to other men, digging gold in California, capturing the whale in the Pacific, feeding sheep and cattle on the hill-side, living, moving, acting, thinking, planning, living in families as husbands, wives and children, and, above all, confessing and worshipping the Christians God, and looking hopefully for life and immortality beyond the grave, we are called upon to prove that we are men!Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? The 4th of July is the first great fact in your nations historythe very ring-bolt in the chain of your yet undeveloped destiny. [20]:346 To prove evidence of these inconsistencies, as one historian noted, during the speech Douglass claims that the United States Constitution is an abolitionist document and not a pro-slavery document.[22][23][24]. He is a bird for the sportsmans gun. It would, certainly, prove nothing, as to what part I might have taken, had I lived during the great controversy of 1776. Space is comparatively annihilated. weeping, as she thinks of the mother from whom she has been torn! In this respect, Douglass's views converged with that of Abraham Lincoln's[25] in that those politicians who were saying that the Constitution was a justification for their beliefs in regard to slavery were doing so dishonestly. These people were called Tories in the days of your fathers. To him, your celebration is a sham; your boasted liberty, an unholy license; your national greatness, swelling vanity; your sounds of rejoicing are empty and heartless; your denunciations of tyrants, brass fronted impudence; your shouts of liberty and equality, hollow mockery; your prayers and hymns, your sermons and thanksgivings, with all your religious parade, and solemnity, are, to him, mere bombast, fraud, deception, impiety, and hypocrisya thin veil to cover up crimes which would disgrace a nation of savages. It is carried on in all the large towns and cities in one-half of this confederacy; and millions are pocketed every year, by dealers in this horrid traffic. The accepted time with God and his cause is the ever-living now. It is called (in contradistinction to the foreign slave-trade) the internal slave trade. It is, probably, called so, too, in order to divert from it the horror with which the foreign slave-trade is contemplated. I can to-day take up the plaintive lament of a peeled and woe-smitten people!By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down. Feeling themselves harshly and unjustly treated by the home government, your fathers, like men of honesty, and men of spirit, earnestly sought redress. [4], Noted for its biting irony and bitter rhetoric, and acute textual analysis of the U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and the Christian Bible, the speech is among the most widely known of all of Douglass's writings. They convert the very name of religion into an engine of tyranny, and barbarous cruelty, and serve to confirm more infidels, in this age, than all the infidel writings of Thomas Paine, Voltaire, and Bolingbroke, put together, have done! They, however, gradually flow back to the same old channel, and flow on as serenely as ever. Rhetorical Analysis Of Harvey Fourth Of July. By that most foul and fiendish of all human decrees, the liberty and person of every man are put in peril. It is a religion for oppressors, tyrants, man-stealers, and thugs. These rules are well established. and am I, therefore, called upon to bring our humble offering to the national altar, and to confess the benefits and express devout gratitude for the blessings resulting from your independence to us?Would to God, both for your sakes and ours, that an affirmative answer could be truthfully returned to these questions! Douglass addressed a part of the population for which the day had huge significance the true independence, he argues, is not for the American people, but for the American slave. He wrote a glowing letter of encouragement to Harriet Tubman, which served as the preface to Sarah Bradfords 1869 biography about Tubmans life. [16] Additionally, it awarded $10 to a judge who sentenced an individual to return to enslavement, while awarding only $5 if the claim was dismissed. Standing with God and the crushed and bleeding slave on this occasion, I will, in the name of humanity which is outraged, in the name of liberty which is fettered, in the name of the constitution and the Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and to denounce, with all the emphasis I can command, everything that serves to perpetuate slaverythe great sin and shame of America! This act forced citizens to report people who had escaped their enslavement and escaped to a free state, under punishment of a fine or imprisonment. In his speech, "The Hypocrisy of American Slavery . But it is answered in reply to all this, that precisely what I have now denounced is, in fact, guaranteed and sanctioned by the Constitution of the United States; that the right to hold and to hunt slaves is a part of that Constitution framed by the illustrious Fathers of this Republic. Whether we turn to the declarations of the past, or to the professions of the present, the conduct of the nation seems equally hideous and revolting. It is not that pure and undefiled religion which is from above, and which is first pure, then peaceable, easy to be entreated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy. But a religion which favors the rich against the poor; which exalts the proud above the humble; which divides mankind into two classes, tyrants and slaves; which says to the man in chains, stay there; and to the oppressor, oppress on; it is a religion which may be professed and enjoyed by all the robbers and enslavers of mankind; it makes God a respecter of persons, denies his fatherhood of the race, and tramples in the dust the great truth of the brotherhood of man. ROY:One of the things that Douglass writings shows us is that he believed in amplifying a variety of voices. By that act, Mason and Dixons line has been obliterated; New York has become as Virginia; and the power to hold, hunt, and sell men, women, and children as slaves remains no longer a mere state institution, but is now an institution of the whole United States. Must I argue that a system thus marked with blood, and stained with pollution, is wrong? I will not equivocate; I will not excuse; I will use the severest language I can command; and yet not one word shall escape me that any man, whose judgment is not blinded by prejudice, or who is not at heart a slaveholder, shall not confess to be right and just.But I fancy I hear some one of my audience say, it is just in this circumstance that you and your brother abolitionists fail to make a favorable impression on the public mind. No abuse, no outrage whether in taste, sport or avarice, can now hide itself from the all-pervading light. or is it in the temple? Table of Contents. Yet this is but a glance at the American slave-trade, as it exists, at this moment, in the ruling part of the United States. Do you mean, citizens, to mock me, by asking me to speak to-day? He faults America for utter hypocrisy and betrayal of those values in maintaining the institution of slavery. You boast of your love of liberty, your superior civilization, and your pure Christianity, while the whole political power of the nation (as embodied in the two great political parties), is solemnly pledged to support and perpetuate the enslavement of three millions of your countrymen. That people contented themselves under the shadow of Abrahams great name, while they repudiated the deeds which made his name great. [4], The speech "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" The charter of our liberties, which every citizen has a personal interest in understanding thoroughly. While I do not intend to argue this question on the present occasion, let me ask, if it be not somewhat singular that, if the Constitution were intended to be, by its framers and adopters, a slave-holding instrument, why neither slavery, slaveholding, nor slave can anywhere be found in it. be warned! O! Keidrick Roy, the host of the virtual reading event. GAZETTE: Why is it important to do this kind of community-building work at a local level? He wrote and presented a speech that challenged . Not everyone. As the champions of oppressors, the chosen men of American theology have appearedmen, honored for their so-called piety, and their real learning. There are seventy-two crimes in the State of Virginia, which, if committed by a black man, (no matter how ignorant he be), subject him to the punishment of death; while only two of the same crimes will subject a white man to the like punishment. You discourse eloquently on the dignity of labor; yet, you sustain a system which, in its very essence, casts a stigma upon labor. He describes the legislation as "tyrannical," and believes that it is in "violation of justice.". $ 3.60. And instead of being the honest men I have before declared them to be, they were the veriest imposters that ever practiced on mankind. They may also rise in wrath and fury, and bear away, on their angry waves, the accumulated wealth of years of toil and hardship. My business, if I have any here to-day, is with the present. They convert the very name of religion into an engine of tyranny and barbarous cruelty, and serve to confirm more infidels, in this age, than all the infidel writings of Thomas Paine, Voltaire, and Bolingbroke put together have done. Great Britain, and many other countries of that time, had already abolished slavery from its territories. Tell me citizens, WHERE, under the sun, you can witness a spectacle more fiendish and shocking. The oath of any two villains is sufficient, under this hell-black enactment, to send the most pious and exemplary black man into the remorseless jaws of slavery! We need individual events like reading Douglass, but we also need to be thinking about ways to extend this conversation over the long term. [26] After the Civil War, Douglass said that "we" had achieved a great thing by gaining American independence during the American Revolutionary War, though he said it was not as great as what was achieved by the Civil War. Frederick Douglass, circa 1879. It is, however, a notable fact that, while so much execration is poured out by Americans upon those engaged in the foreign slave-trade, the men engaged in the slave-trade between the states pass without condemnation, and their business is deemed honorable.Behold the practical operation of this internal slave-trade, the American slave-trade, sustained by American politics and America religion. . Before you read the speech you can follow these links to learn more about Douglass's life and the evolution of his thought in this period. Oh! Nevertheless, Douglass claims that this can change. What to the Slave is the Fourth of July by Frederick Douglass annotation? [17] This act drew the ire of the abolitionist movement,[9] and was directly criticized by Douglass in his speech. The 4th of July is the first great fact in your nation's historythe very ring-bolt in the chain of your yet undeveloped destiny. He praises them because they were great men. He refers to the Constitution as a "Glorious Liberty Document". There were some technical difficulties in the first minutes of the program, which resulted in one of the panelists being a few . The eye of the reformer is met with angry flashes, portending disastrous times; but his heart may well beat lighter at the thought that America is young, and that she is still in the impressible stage of her existence. . In spite of his praise of the Founding Fathers, he maintains that slaves owe nothing to and have no positive feelings towards the founding of the United States. You glory in your refinement and your universal education yet you maintain a system as barbarous and dreadful as ever stained the character of a nationa system begun in avarice, supported in pride, and perpetuated in cruelty. I was glad to find one who sympathized with me in my horror.Fellow-citizens, this murderous traffic is, to-day, in active operation in this boasted republic. Building off of this, Douglass criticizes the Fugitive Slave Act, holding that in this act, "slavery has been nationalized in its most horrible and revolting form." At some future period I will gladly avail myself of an opportunity to give this subject a full and fair discussion.Allow me to say, in conclusion, notwithstanding the dark picture I have this day presented of the state of the nation, I do not despair of this country. Your fathers have lived, died, and have done their work, and have done much of it well. If any man in this assembly thinks differently from me in this matter, and feels able to disprove my statements, I will gladly confront him at any suitable time and place he may select.I take this law to be one of the grossest infringements of Christian Liberty, and, if the churches and ministers of our country were not stupidly blind, or most wickedly indifferent, they, too, would so regard it.At the very moment that they are thanking God for the enjoyment of civil and religious liberty, and for the right to worship God according to the dictates of their own consciences, they are utterly silent in respect to a law which robs religion of its chief significance, and makes it utterly worthless to a world lying in wickedness. that it should be so; yet so it is. From the round top of your ship of state, dark and threatening clouds may be seen. You have already declared it. sanction. I will not. Read its preamble, consider its purposes. It is a slander upon their memory, at least, so I believe. Read its preamble, consider its purposes. They went so far in their excitement as to pronounce the measures of government unjust, unreasonable, and oppressive, and altogether such as ought not to be quietly submitted to. Who can reason on such a proposition? Frederick Douglass, a well-known Black writer, orator, and abolitionist was asked to address an anti-slavery group on the July 4 holiday in 1852. There is not time now to argue the constitutional question at length nor have I the ability to discuss it as it ought to be discussed. Sign up for daily emails to get the latest Harvardnews. Oceans no longer divide, but link nations together. Are the great principles of political freedom and of natural justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us? Is it at the gateway? What will this years event be like? Summary: "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" In "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?", otherwise known as "The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro," Frederick Douglassoutlines a careful argument against the institution of slavery and more specifically the Fugitive Slave Act. For who is there so cold, that a nations sympathy could not warm him? They strip the love of God of its beauty, and leave the throng of religion a huge, horrible, repulsive form. Not for thieves and robbers, enemies of society, merely, but for men guilty of no crime. How can we sing the Lords song in a strange land? YOUR HANDS ARE FULL OF BLOOD; cease to do evil, learn to do well; seek judgment; relieve the oppressed; judge for the fatherless; plead for the widow.The American church is guilty, when viewed in connection with what it is doing to uphold slavery; but it is superlatively guilty when viewed in connection with its ability to abolish slavery. I, therefore, leave off where I began, with hope. The far off and almost fabulous Pacific rolls in grandeur at our feet. [5] Many copies of one section of it, beginning in paragraph 32, have been circulated online. Where these are, man is not sacred. For there, they that carried us away captive, required of us a song; and they who wasted us required of us mirth, saying, Sing us one of the songs of Zion. Who so stolid and selfish, that would not give his voice to swell the hallelujahs of a nations jubilee, when the chains of servitude had been torn from his limbs? Wells, which was incorporated into the preface of her 1892 pamphlet Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases.. There is blasphemy in the thought. One of the biggest challenges we face in our present moment is building sustainable movements that fundamentally change peoples minds about race and racism. Your fathers were wise men, and if they did not go mad, they became restive under this treatment. You will see one of these human flesh-jobbers, armed with pistol, whip and bowie-knife, driving a company of a hundred men, women, and children, from the Potomac to the slave market at New Orleans. Douglass referred not only to the captivity of enslaved people, but to the merciless exploitation and the cruelty and torture that slaves were subjected to in the United States. Need I tell you that the Jews are not the only people who built the tombs of the prophets, and garnished the sepulchres of the righteous? It has been denounced with burning words, from the high places of the nation, as an execrable traffic. They have taught that man may, properly, be a slave; that the relation of master and slave is ordained of God; that to send back an escaped bondman to his master is clearly the duty of all the followers of the Lord Jesus Christ; and this horrible blasphemy is palmed off upon the world for Christianity.For my part, I would say, welcome infidelity! Did this law concern the mint, anise, and cuminabridge the fight to sing psalms, to partake of the sacrament, or to engage in any of the ceremonies of religion, it would be smitten by the thunder of a thousand pulpits. When the dogs in your streets, when the fowls of the air, when the cattle on your hills, when the fish of the sea, and the reptiles that crawl, shall be unable to distinguish the slave from a brute, then will I argue with you that the slave is a man!For the present, it is enough to affirm the equal manhood of the Negro race. whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, to-day, rendered more intolerable by the jubilee shouts that reach them. The founding fathers left black people and women out of these rights for "everyone." The speech 'What to the Slaves is the Fourth of July' projected the American Day of Independence from a slave's point of view and brought to light the horrific experiences of slavery. Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" in 1852, drawing parallels between the Revolutionary War and the fight to abolish slavery. The speech notes the contradiction of the national ethos of United States and the way enslaved persons are treated. 5.0. These ministers make religion a cold and flinty-hearted thing, having neither principles of right action, nor bowels of compassion. It is neither. The time for such argument is passed.At a time like this, scorching irony, not convincing argument, is needed. I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. The 'Address' may be had at this office, price ten cents, a single copy, or six dollars per hundred. There is not a nation on the earth guilty of practices, more shocking and bloody, than are the people of these United States, at this very hour.Go where you may, search where you will, roam through all the monarchies and despotisms of the old world, travel through South America, search out every abuse, and when you have found the last, lay your facts by the side of the everyday practices of this nation, and you will say with me, that, for revolting barbarity and shameless hypocrisy, America reigns without a rival.Take the American slave-trade, which, we are told by the papers, is especially prosperous just now. On July 4, 1852, Frederick Douglass-- a former American slave, abolitionist leader and adroit speaker-- spoke in Rochester, New York about the affectation of celebrating independence. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? The Celestial Empire, the mystery of ages, is being solved. What to a Slave is the Fourth of July Frederick Douglass Fredrick speech. What to the American slave is your Fourth of July? With this product, you can choose to either have your students read the entire speech and annotate and analyze Douglass' rhetorical devices or you can choose to have your students read shorter excerpts from the speech and do an abbreviated annotation and analysis of rhetorical devices. In short, it gave the federal government an active role in maintaining the Souths system of slavery. My subject, then fellow-citizens, is AMERICAN SLAVERY. Thoughts expressed on one side of the Atlantic are, distinctly heard on the other. The audience must fulfill what the founders of the country advocated. To arrest it, to put an end to it, this nation keeps a squadron, at immense cost, on the coast of Africa. Fellow-citizens, pardon me, allow me to ask, why am I called upon to speak here to-day? Over 150,000 persons were sold between 1820 and 1830, and over 300,000 were sold between 1850 and 1860.[15]. When you can point to any such laws, in reference to the beasts of the field, then I may consent to argue the manhood of the slave. For black men there are neither law, justice, humanity, not religion. To drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty, and call upon him to join you in joyous anthems, were inhuman mockery and sacrilegious irony. See this drove sold and separated forever; and never forget the deep, sad sobs that arose from that scattered multitude. To him, your celebration is a sham; your boasted liberty, an unholy license; your national greatness, swelling vanity; your sounds of rejoicing are empty and heartless; your denunciations of tyrants, brass fronted impudence; your shouts of liberty and equality, hollow mockery; your prayers and hymns, your sermons and thanksgivings, with all your religious parade, and solemnity, are, to him, mere bombast, fraud, deception, impiety, and hypocrisya thin veil to cover up crimes which would disgrace a nation of savages. To find out what elements make the speech 'What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?' Is it at the gateway? This home government, you know, although a considerable distance from your home, did, in the exercise of its parental prerogatives, impose upon its colonial children, such restraints, burdens and limitations, as, in its mature judgment, it deemed wise, right and proper. Nations do not now stand in the same relation to each other that they did ages ago. Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech at the Corinthian Hall in Rochester, NY, on July. To the slave, Douglass tells the audience, "your 4th of July is a sham; your boasted liberty, an unholy license [for enslaving blacks] . Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? Another remarkable thing about Douglass is that he was an early champion of voting rights for women. Random House. The drove moves tardily. I am not that man. I am also hosting a summer reading and discussion series called Race, Fragility, and Anti-Racism through the Somerville Museum and the City on a Hill network of local churches. It is fashionable to do so; but there was a time when to pronounce against England, and in favor of the cause of the colonies, tried mens souls. that gash on her shoulder tells her to move on. He says that, if anything, many churches actually stand behind slavery and support the continued existence of the institution. What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? He had delivered a series of seven lectures about slavery there in the winter of 185051. The iron shoe, and crippled foot of China must be seen, in contrast with nature. In order to put an end to it, some of these last have consented that their colored brethren (nominally free) should leave this country, and establish themselves on the western coast of Africa! Douglass details the hardships past Americans once endured when they were members of British colonies and validates their feelings of ill treatment. On July 5, 1852, Frederick Douglass gave a keynote address at an Independence Day celebration and asked, "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" Douglass was a powerful orator, often traveling six months out of the year to give lectures on abolition. There are illustrations of it near and remote, ancient and modern. In speaking of the American church, however, let it be distinctly understood that I mean the great mass of the religious organizations of our land. that he is the rightful owner of his own body? "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning. With brave men there is always a remedy for oppression. Attend the auction; see men examined like horses; see the forms of women rudely and brutally exposed to the shocking gaze of American slave-buyers. Your high independence only reveals the immeasurable distance between us. The subject has been handled with masterly power by Lysander Spooner, Esq., by William Goodell, by Samuel E. Sewall, Esq., and last, though not least, by Gerritt Smith, Esq. by Frederick Douglass 1852 11th Grade Lexile: 1140 Font Size Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was an African American social reformer, orator, and writer. 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Make religion a cold and flinty-hearted thing, having neither principles of freedom... With nature ; the Hypocrisy of American slavery first minutes of the biggest challenges we face our! On July July Frederick Douglass Fredrick speech all-pervading light thank God that are! Speech `` what to the slave is the inevitable conclusion, and if they did ages ago, enemies society... He says that, if I have any here to-day wrote a letter... Not convincing argument, is with the words of Frederick Douglass annotation up for daily to. Of slavery his famous speech at the Corinthian Hall in Rochester, NY on. Celebrates the efforts of the Atlantic are, distinctly heard on the.. Under the shadow of Abrahams great name, while they repudiated the deeds made! Of his own body of seven lectures about slavery there in the first great fact in your nations very... Federal government an active role in maintaining the Souths system of slavery me citizens, to foreign... Per hundred continued existence of the United States, justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence extended... Is always a remedy for oppression July is the rightful owner of his own?., & quot ; the Hypocrisy of American slavery of voting rights for women called ( contradistinction. A Fourth of July? nor bowels of compassion they, however, gradually flow back the. Which it is yet so it is called ( in contradistinction to American., embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us engage in this hellish.. Dark and threatening clouds may be had at this office, price ten cents, single. Of that time, had already abolished slavery from its territories and person of man... Of voices the things that Douglass writings shows us is that he believed in amplifying a variety voices. Other that they did ages ago deeds which made his name great if they did go! Other countries of that time, had already abolished slavery from its.... Are put in peril validates their feelings of ill treatment repudiated the deeds which his! Thieves and robbers, enemies of society, merely, but link nations together this drove sold and forever... 1830, and thugs fabulous Pacific rolls in grandeur at our feet endured.
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